Jan Radimský Pavel Stichauer

Nomina Actionis in the diachrony of Italian: a paradigm-based model of competition

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Abstract

This paper deals with the diachronic evolution of the Italian action nouns with -mento and -zione within the time span that goes from 1800 up to 2009, on the basis of a large dataset drawn from Google books. It is argued that the general tendency, namely the gradual decrease of -mento derivatives with a corresponding increase of -zione formations, is diachronically much more complicated in two aspects. Firstly, the data show that from the global viewpoint it was preceded by a period of increasing derivational instability when the tendency was exactly the opposite. Secondly, a finer-grained analysis reveals varied cases that do not follow the general tendency. With this respect, a typology of five major situations is put forward with detailed discussions of the most significant examples. It is demonstrated how the paradigmatic ‘overabundance’ of a wide range of synonymous -mento/-zione couples recedes over time. The current situation of high complementarity thus represents a recent development.

Keywords

  • Deverbal nouns
  • suffix -mento
  • suffix -zione
  • derivational com- petition
  • overabundance
  • diachrony

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