Franz Kogelmann

Die Reform des islamischen Stiftungswesens in Marokko unter dem französischen Protektorat

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Original version
This article is also available in german. This original file can be downloaded free of charge by acquiring the translated version.

Abstract

The modern state of Morocco controls a fortune of Islamic pius endowments ("habous"). In contrast to many other Muslim states the endowment system did not change radically after independence. Fundamental changes in the administration of its "habous" took place during the first years of the French protectorate (1912-1956). Under the guidance and often under the direct involvement of French authorities the new Moroccan government created a highly hierarchical, efficient and sustainable administration of pious endowments. Local regulations and laws dealing with "habous" were harmonized on a national level and a centralized Ministry of Islamic Endowments was created. Former locally and independently managed endowments became part of a state bureaucracy. Thus under the influence of the French protectorate a religious infrastructure emerged which was solely controlled by a centralized state. This essay illustrates - by exploiting first hand archival material - the profound reform-process of a prominent traditional Islamic institution during the formative years of the French protectorate.

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