Corresponding to about 1.7 planets, the human demand of natural resources
and services connected to ecosystem is causing serious imbalances
among countries. It is contributing to the decrease of Earth’s biodiversity
and threatening at the same time the wealth of future generations and
the stability of the planet. Ensuring food for a growing global population
and minimizing environmental impact is becoming a key topic in the fight
against climate change and unsustainability. The ways human societies
produce, transform, distribute, consume and waste food are increasingly
considered as key areas of intervention to reverse unsustainable trends. This
is particularly true in the Mediterranean area, a region characterized by low
natural resources and a growing impact on climate. This article studies the
pressure of Mediterranean area’s inhabitants on terrestrial ecosystems as a
consequence of their consumption and provision models in order to understand
how this pressure can be reduced.