Abstract

In January 2009, Europe experienced the worst gas crisis in its history: all Russian gas flows via Ukraine were cut off for two weeks, each side blaming the other. This crisis will have lasting consequences. Both Russia's reputation as a reliable supplier and Ukraine's reputation as a reliable transit country are seriously damaged. Efforts to diversify gas sources, gas routes and energy sources will intensify. This article outlines the history, causes and impacts of this crisis, the lessons learned and possible future strategies for Europe.