Abstract

This paper proposes a Peircean revision and reorganization of Classical rhetoric approaches to manipulation. The goal is to formulate a broad concept of manipulation, which allows us to combine these different contributions and to propose a systematization of different manipulative techniques. In the first instance, the work focuses on a review of classical rhetoric proposal. Secondly, it proposes a reorganization of the approaches through the semiotic nonagon (Guerri, 2003, 2016). Manipulation is presented as a broader notion, which brings together three dimensions: to move, to impose, and to convince. In a third, a visual organization is offered, as well as a description of the combinations of the nine sub-aspects of manipulation. These combinations follow the order proposed by Peirce to construct his ten classes of signs. These are used to recognize ten classes of manipulative figures: begging, temptation, threat, order, flattery, seduction, challenge, advice, warning, and argumentation